searxng-search – skill Dữ liệu & Khoa học cho agent AI

SearXNG Search

Free meta-search using [SearXNG](https://searxng.org/) — a privacy-respecting, self-hosted search aggregator that queries 70+ search engines simultaneously.

No API key required when using a public instance. Can also be self-hosted for full control. Automatically appears as a fallback when the main web search toolset (FIRECRAWL_API_KEY) is not configured.

Configuration

SearXNG requires a SEARXNG_URL environment variable pointing to your SearXNG instance:

# Public instances (no setup required)
SEARXNG_URL=https://searxng.example.com

# Self-hosted SearXNG
SEARXNG_URL=http://localhost:8888

If no instance is configured, this skill is unavailable and the agent falls back to other search options.

Detection Flow

Check what is actually available before choosing an approach:

# Check if SEARXNG_URL is set and the instance is reachable
curl -s --max-time 5 "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=test&format=json" | head -c 200

Decision tree:

1. If SEARXNG_URL is set and the instance responds, use SearXNG

2. If SEARXNG_URL is unset or unreachable, fall back to other available search tools

3. If the user wants SearXNG specifically, help them set up an instance or find a public one

Method 1: CLI via curl (Preferred)

Use curl via terminal to call the SearXNG JSON API. This avoids assuming any particular Python package is installed.

# Text search (JSON output)
curl -s --max-time 10 \
  "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=python+async+programming&format=json&engines=google,bing&limit=10"

# With Safesearch off
curl -s --max-time 10 \
  "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=example&format=json&safesearch=0"

# Specific categories (general, news, science, etc.)
curl -s --max-time 10 \
  "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=AI+news&format=json&categories=news"

Common CLI Flags

| Flag | Description | Example |

|------|-------------|---------|

| q | Query string (URL-encoded) | q=python+async |

| format | Output format: json, csv, rss | format=json |

| engines | Comma-separated engine names | engines=google,bing,ddg |

| limit | Max results per engine (default 10) | limit=5 |

| categories | Filter by category | categories=news,science |

| safesearch | 0=none, 1=moderate, 2=strict | safesearch=0 |

| time_range | Filter: day, week, month, year | time_range=week |

Parsing JSON Results

# Extract titles and URLs from JSON
curl -s --max-time 10 "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=fastapi&format=json&limit=5" \
  | python3 -c "
import json, sys
data = json.load(sys.stdin)
for r in data.get('results', []):
    print(r.get('title',''))
    print(r.get('url',''))
    print(r.get('content','')[:200])
    print()
"

Returns per result: title, url, content (snippet), engine, parsed_url, img_src, thumbnail, author, published_date

Method 2: Python API via requests

Use the SearXNG REST API directly from Python with the requests library:

import os, requests, urllib.parse

base_url = os.environ.get("SEARXNG_URL", "")
if not base_url:
    raise RuntimeError("SEARXNG_URL is not set")

query = "fastapi deployment guide"
params = {
    "q": query,
    "format": "json",
    "limit": 5,
    "engines": "google,bing",
}

resp = requests.get(f"{base_url}/search", params=params, timeout=10)
resp.raise_for_status()
data = resp.json()

for r in data.get("results", []):
    print(r["title"])
    print(r["url"])
    print(r.get("content", "")[:200])
    print()

Self-Hosting SearXNG

To run your own SearXNG instance:

# Using Docker
docker run -d -p 8888:8080 \
  -v $(pwd)/searxng:/etc/searxng \
  searxng/searxng:latest

# Then set
SEARXNG_URL=http://localhost:8888

Or install via pip:

pip install searxng
# Edit /etc/searxng/settings.yml
searxng-run

Public SearXNG instances are available at:

• https://searxng.example.com (replace with any public instance)

Workflow: Search then Extract

SearXNG returns titles, URLs, and snippets — not full page content. To get full page content, search first and then extract the most relevant URL with web_extract, browser tools, or curl.

# Search for relevant pages
curl -s "${SEARXNG_URL}/search?q=fastapi+deployment&format=json&limit=3"
# Output: list of results with titles and URLs

# Then extract the best URL with web_extract

Limitations

• Instance availability: If the SearXNG instance is down or unreachable, search fails. Always check SEARXNG_URL is set and the instance is reachable.
• No content extraction: SearXNG returns snippets, not full page content. Use web_extract, browser tools, or curl for full articles.
• Rate limiting: Some public instances limit requests. Self-hosting avoids this.
• Engine coverage: Available engines depend on the SearXNG instance configuration. Some engines may be disabled.
• Results freshness: Meta-search aggregates external engines — result freshness depends on those engines.

Troubleshooting

| Problem | Likely Cause | What To Do |

|---------|--------------|------------|

| SEARXNG_URL not set | No instance configured | Use a public SearXNG instance or set up your own |

| Connection refused | Instance not running or wrong URL | Check the URL is correct and the instance is running |

| Empty results | Instance blocks the query | Try a different instance or self-host |

| Slow responses | Public instance under load | Self-host or use a less-loaded public instance |

| json format not supported | Old SearXNG version | Try format=rss or upgrade SearXNG |

Pitfalls

• Always set SEARXNG_URL: Without it, the skill cannot function.
• URL-encode queries: Spaces and special characters must be URL-encoded in curl, or use urllib.parse.quote() in Python.
• Use format=json: The default format may not be machine-readable. Always request JSON explicitly.
• Set a timeout: Always use --max-time or timeout= to avoid hanging on unreachable instances.
• Self-hosting is best: Public instances may go down, rate-limit, or block. A self-hosted instance is reliable.

Instance Discovery

If SEARXNG_URL is not set and the user asks about SearXNG, help them either:

1. Find a public SearXNG instance (search for "public searxng instance")

2. Set up their own with Docker or pip

Public instances are listed at: https://searxng.org/