neumorphism – skill Thiết kế & UI cho agent AI

Neumorphism (Soft UI)

> "Elements extruded from the background material itself, shaped by a singular, persistent light source."

When to Use

Use this sub-style when the user's request matches the aesthetic described above. This is a child reference of the design-it skill and is not meant to be triggered directly.

Core Principles

1. Unified Surface Color: The background and the elements MUST share the exact same base color.

2. Dual Shadows: Elements are shaped by two shadows: a light shadow (highlight) on the side facing the light source, and a dark shadow on the opposite side.

3. Accessible Boundaries: Shadows establish the style, but add a visible border or other indicator when needed to identify controls and focus.

Visual DNA

• Colors: Works best with mid-tone neutrals. Desert Mirage, Earth-Grounded Elegance, or Sophisticated Neutral are perfect. Avoid pure white or pure black (shadows/highlights won't show).
• Typography: Soft, rounded sans-serifs (e.g., Nunito, Quicksand).
• Shapes: Pill shapes, rounded rectangles. Sharp corners break the illusion of extruded material.

Web Implementation

• The magic is entirely in box-shadow manipulating light and dark variants of the base color.
• CSS Example:

:root {
  --base-color: #E6E2DD; /* From Sophisticated Neutral */
  --highlight: #ffffff;
  --shadow: #c4c0bc;
}

body {
  background-color: var(--base-color);
}

.neu-element {
  background-color: var(--base-color);
  border-radius: 20px;
  /* Top-left highlight, Bottom-right shadow */
  box-shadow:  9px 9px 18px var(--shadow),
              -9px -9px 18px var(--highlight);
  padding: 32px;
}

.neu-pressed {
  /* Inset shadows for pressed/active state */
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: var(--base-color);
  box-shadow: inset 9px 9px 18px var(--shadow),
              inset -9px -9px 18px var(--highlight);
}

App Implementation

SwiftUI

struct NeuCard: View {
    let baseColor = Color(red: 0.90, green: 0.89, blue: 0.87) // #E6E2DD
    
    var body: some View {
        VStack(spacing: 24) {
            Text("Neumorphic Card")
                .font(.system(size: 20, weight: .semibold, design: .rounded))
            
            Text("Extruded from the surface itself.")
                .font(.system(size: 15, design: .rounded))
                .foregroundColor(.secondary)
        }
        .padding(32)
        .background(baseColor)
        .cornerRadius(20)
        // Light shadow (top-left)
        .shadow(color: Color.white.opacity(0.7), radius: 10, x: -8, y: -8)
        // Dark shadow (bottom-right)
        .shadow(color: Color.black.opacity(0.15), radius: 10, x: 8, y: 8)
    }
}

// Pressed / inset neumorphic button
struct NeuButton: View {
    @State private var isPressed = false
    let baseColor = Color(red: 0.90, green: 0.89, blue: 0.87)
    
    var body: some View {
        Button(action: {}) {
            Text("Press Me")
                .font(.system(size: 16, weight: .semibold, design: .rounded))
                .foregroundColor(.primary)
                .padding(.horizontal, 32)
                .padding(.vertical, 16)
        }
        .background(
            Group {
                if isPressed {
                    // Inset effect using inner shadow (ZStack trick)
                    RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16)
                        .fill(baseColor)
                        .overlay(
                            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16)
                                .stroke(baseColor, lineWidth: 4)
                                .shadow(color: Color.black.opacity(0.2), radius: 4, x: 4, y: 4)
                                .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16))
                        )
                        .overlay(
                            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16)
                                .stroke(baseColor, lineWidth: 4)
                                .shadow(color: Color.white.opacity(0.7), radius: 4, x: -4, y: -4)
                                .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16))
                        )
                } else {
                    RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16)
                        .fill(baseColor)
                        .shadow(color: Color.white.opacity(0.7), radius: 10, x: -8, y: -8)
                        .shadow(color: Color.black.opacity(0.15), radius: 10, x: 8, y: 8)
                }
            }
        )
        .buttonStyle(.plain)
        .simultaneousGesture(
            DragGesture(minimumDistance: 0)
                .onChanged { _ in isPressed = true }
                .onEnded { _ in isPressed = false }
        )
    }
}

• The key trick: two .shadow() modifiers — one white (top-left), one dark (bottom-right).
• Recent SwiftUI supports ShapeStyle.shadow(.inner(...)); the overlay example is a fallback for older targets, not the only implementation.
• The view's background color MUST match its parent's background exactly.

Flutter

class NeuCard extends StatelessWidget {
  final Color baseColor = const Color(0xFFE6E2DD);
  
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(32),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        color: baseColor,
        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(20),
        boxShadow: [
          // Dark shadow (bottom-right)
          BoxShadow(
            color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.15),
            offset: const Offset(8, 8),
            blurRadius: 16,
          ),
          // Light shadow (top-left)
          BoxShadow(
            color: Colors.white.withOpacity(0.7),
            offset: const Offset(-8, -8),
            blurRadius: 16,
          ),
        ],
      ),
      child: Column(
        children: [
          const Text('Neumorphic Card',
            style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20, fontWeight: FontWeight.w600)),
          const SizedBox(height: 16),
          Text('Extruded from the surface itself.',
            style: TextStyle(fontSize: 15, color: Colors.black54)),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

• Inner shadows (for pressed state) are NOT natively supported in Flutter's BoxShadow.
• Use the flutter_inset_box_shadow package OR fake it with a layered Stack: place a Container with a dark gradient overlay on top and a light gradient below.
• Set the Scaffold background to the SAME baseColor so elements look extruded.

React Native

const NeuCard = () => (
  <View style={{
    padding: 32,
    backgroundColor: '#E6E2DD',
    borderRadius: 20,
    // Light shadow (top-left) — iOS only supports one shadow
    shadowColor: '#FFFFFF',
    shadowOffset: { width: -8, height: -8 },
    shadowOpacity: 0.7,
    shadowRadius: 10,
    // Android — use elevation for basic shadow
    elevation: 8,
  }}>
    <Text style={{ fontSize: 20, fontWeight: '600' }}>Neumorphic Card</Text>
    <Text style={{ fontSize: 15, color: '#555', marginTop: 16 }}>
      Extruded from the surface itself.
    </Text>
  </View>
);

• Legacy API limitation: The shadowColor/shadowOffset family provides one shadow per view. New Architecture boxShadow supports multiple/inset shadows on supported OS versions; verify the target version before adding a dependency.
• Workaround: Use react-native-shadow-2 or react-native-neomorph-shadows which provide multi-shadow support.
• Alternative: Wrap two nested Views — the outer one has the dark shadow, the inner one has the light shadow.
• Inner shadows for pressed states require SVG-based solutions or pre-rendered images.

Jetpack Compose

@Composable
fun NeuCard() {
    val baseColor = Color(0xFFE6E2DD)
    
    Box(
        modifier = Modifier
            .padding(24.dp)
            .shadow(
                elevation = 8.dp,
                shape = RoundedCornerShape(20.dp),
                ambientColor = Color.Black.copy(alpha = 0.15f),
                spotColor = Color.Black.copy(alpha = 0.15f),
            )
            .background(baseColor, RoundedCornerShape(20.dp))
            .padding(32.dp)
    ) {
        Column {
            Text("Neumorphic Card",
                fontSize = 20.sp, fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold)
            Spacer(Modifier.height(16.dp))
            Text("Extruded from the surface itself.",
                fontSize = 15.sp, color = Color(0xFF555555))
        }
    }
}

• Compose limitation: Like React Native, Compose Modifier.shadow() only supports a single directional shadow.
• For true dual-shadow neumorphism, use a custom Modifier.drawBehind { } with drawIntoCanvas to paint two separate shadow paths (one light, one dark).
• The neumorphic-compose library provides a pre-built Modifier.neumorphic() that handles both shadows.
• Set the Scaffold background to the same baseColor — this is non-negotiable.

Do's and Don'ts

• DO: Use inset shadows for "active" states (like pressed buttons o

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