dast-scanning – skill Bảo mật cho agent AI

> ⚠️ AUTHORIZED USE ONLY

> This skill is for educational purposes or authorized security assessments only.

> You must have explicit, written permission from the system owner before using this tool.

> Misuse of this tool is illegal and strictly prohibited.

> Mandatory confirmation gate

> Before running any command that probes, exploits, changes, persists on, extracts data from, or attempts credential access against a target:

> 1. Ask the user to state the exact target URL, IP, account, or resource.

> 2. Ask the user to confirm written authorization and the permitted scope.

> 3. Show the exact command(s) and explain their expected effect.

> 4. Wait for explicit confirmation in the current conversation.

>

> Without that confirmation, remain read-only and provide defensive guidance only. Prefer a sandbox, disposable VM, or controlled lab.

DAST Scanning

Test running applications for security vulnerabilities through dynamic analysis.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

• Testing deployed applications
• Performing automated security scans
• Finding runtime vulnerabilities
• Testing authentication flows
• Validating API security

Prerequisites

• Running application instance
• Network access to target
• Testing authorization
• Understanding of web security

Tool Overview

| Tool | Type | Best For |

|------|------|----------|

| OWASP ZAP | OSS | Automated scanning, CI |

| Burp Suite | Commercial | Manual testing, advanced |

| Nikto | OSS | Web server scanning |

| Nuclei | OSS | Template-based scanning |

| Arachni | OSS | Comprehensive scanning |

Agree exact URLs/hosts, authenticated test accounts, exclusions, rates, duration and stop conditions before scanning; spiders can trigger state-changing links even during baseline scans. Use staged data/backups and deny off-scope redirects/crawl targets. Keep ZAP API private with a strong API key rather than the broad address allowlist as a remote exposure pattern. The [baseline script](https://www.zaproxy.org/docs/docker/baseline-scan/) uses a preconfigured context and -U user for authentication, not the original ad-hoc login flags. Full/API scans actively attack; do not schedule them without authorization. Pin images/actions, quote mount paths and poll readiness rather than sleep. Burp REST APIs vary by edition/version: verify endpoints/auth, add timeouts/raise_for_status, parse Location and bound polling with failed/cancelled states. Its sketch also lacks time import. Reports may contain secrets/PII; restrict artifacts and permissions. No findings or HTTP 200 alone establish security; validate behavior and coverage, and do not suppress CI warnings with -I without policy review.

OWASP ZAP

Docker Setup

# Run ZAP in daemon mode
docker run -d --name zap \
  -p 127.0.0.1:8080:8080 \
  -v $(pwd)/reports:/zap/reports \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap.sh -daemon -host 0.0.0.0 -port 8080 \
  -config api.addrs.addr.name=.* \
  -config api.addrs.addr.regex=true

Baseline Scan

# Quick baseline scan
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/zap/wrk \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap-baseline.py -t https://target.example.com \
  -r baseline-report.html

# With authentication
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/zap/wrk \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap-baseline.py -t https://target.example.com \
  -r report.html \
  -n /zap/wrk/auth.context \
  -U testuser

Full Scan

# Comprehensive scan
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/zap/wrk \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap-full-scan.py -t https://target.example.com \
  -r full-report.html \
  -J full-report.json

API Scan

# OpenAPI specification scan
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/zap/wrk \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap-api-scan.py -t https://target.example.com/openapi.json \
  -f openapi \
  -r api-report.html

ZAP Automation Framework

# zap-automation.yaml
env:
  contexts:
    - name: "Default Context"
      urls:
        - "https://target.example.com"
      includePaths:
        - "https://target.example.com/.*"
      excludePaths:
        - "https://target.example.com/logout.*"
      authentication:
        method: "form"
        parameters:
          loginUrl: "https://target.example.com/login"
          loginRequestData: "username={%username%}&password={%password%}"
        verification:
          method: "response"
          loggedInRegex: "\\QWelcome\\E"
      users:
        - name: "testuser"
          credentials:
            username: "[email protected]"
            password: "password123"

jobs:
  - type: spider
    parameters:
      context: "Default Context"
      user: "testuser"
      maxDuration: 10
      
  - type: spiderAjax
    parameters:
      context: "Default Context"
      user: "testuser"
      maxDuration: 10
      
  - type: passiveScan-wait
    parameters:
      maxDuration: 5
      
  - type: activeScan
    parameters:
      context: "Default Context"
      user: "testuser"
      policy: "Default Policy"
      
  - type: report
    parameters:
      template: "traditional-html"
      reportDir: "/zap/reports"
      reportFile: "zap-report"

# Run automation
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/zap/wrk \
  ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable \
  zap.sh -cmd -autorun /zap/wrk/zap-automation.yaml

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

name: DAST Scan

on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  schedule:
    - cron: '0 2 * * *'

jobs:
  dast:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Start Application
        run: |
          docker-compose up -d
          sleep 30  # Wait for app to be ready

      - name: OWASP ZAP Scan
        uses: zaproxy/[email protected]
        with:
          target: 'http://localhost:8080'
          rules_file_name: '.zap/rules.tsv'
          cmd_options: '-a'

      - name: Upload Report
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        if: always()
        with:
          name: zap-report
          path: report_html.html

GitLab CI

dast:
  stage: security
  image: ghcr.io/zaproxy/zaproxy:stable
  variables:
    TARGET_URL: $DAST_TARGET_URL
  script:
    - mkdir -p /zap/wrk/reports
    - zap-baseline.py -t $TARGET_URL -r /zap/wrk/reports/zap-report.html -I
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - reports/
    expire_in: 1 week
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"

Burp Suite Automation

REST API Usage

import requests

class BurpScanner:
    def __init__(self, api_url, api_key):
        self.api_url = api_url
        self.headers = {'Authorization': api_key}
    
    def create_scan(self, target_url):
        """Create and start a new scan."""
        payload = {
            'scan_configurations': [
                {'name': 'Crawl and Audit - Balanced'}
            ],
            'scope': {
                'include': [{'rule': target_url}]
            },
            'urls': [target_url]
        }
        response = requests.post(
            f'{self.api_url}/v0.1/scan',
            json=payload,
            headers=self.headers
        )
        return response.headers.get('Location')
    
    def get_scan_status(self, scan_id):
        """Get scan status."""
        response = requests.get(
            f'{self.api_url}/v0.1/scan/{scan_id}',
            headers=self.headers
        )
        return response.json()
    
    def get_issues(self, scan_id):
        """Get scan issues."""
        response = requests.get(
            f'{self.api_url}/v0.1/scan/{scan_id}/issues',
            headers=self.headers
        )
        return response.json()

# Usage
scanner = BurpScanner('http://burp:1337', 'api-key')
scan_id = scanner.create_scan('https://target.example.com')

while True:
    status = scanner.get_scan_status(scan_id)
    if status['scan_status'] == 'succeeded':
        break
    time.sleep(30)

issues = scanner.get_issues(scan_id)

Nikto

Basic Scanning

# Install
apt-get install nikto

# Basic scan
nikto -h https://target.example.com

# With specific options
nikto -h https://target.example.com \
  -ssl \
  -Tuning 123bde \
  -output nikto-report.html \
  -Format html

# Scan specific ports
nikto -h target.example.com -p 80,443,8080

Common DAST Findings

OWASP Top 10

owasp_findings:
  A01_Broken_Access_Control:
    - IDOR vulnerabilities
    - Missing function-level access control
    - Privilege escalation
    
  A02_Cryptographic_Failures:
    - Sensitive data in URLs
    - Missing HTTPS
    - Weak ciphers
    
  A03_Injection:
    - SQL injection
    - Command injection
    - XSS
    
  A05_Security_Misconfiguration:
    - Default credentials
    - Verbose error messages
    - Missing security headers
    
  A07_Auth_Failures:
    - Weak passwords accepted
    - Session fixation
    - Missing MFA

Security Headers Check

# Check security headers
curl -I https://target.example.com | grep -i "x-\|content-security\|strict"

# Expected headers:
#

… (nội dung đầy đủ có trong gói tải về)