azure-speech-to-text-rest-py – DevOps & Infrastructure skill for AI agents

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Supporting files are included at skill-relative paths. See [UPSTREAM-NOTICE.md](UPSTREAM-NOTICE.md) for their pinned sources, licenses, hashes, and import changes.

Azure Speech to Text REST API for Short Audio

Simple REST API for speech-to-text transcription of short audio files (up to 60 seconds). No SDK required - just HTTP requests.

Prerequisites

1. Azure subscription - [Create one free](https://azure.microsoft.com/free/)

2. Speech resource - Create in [Azure Portal](https://portal.azure.com/#create/Microsoft.CognitiveServicesSpeechServices)

3. Get credentials - After deployment, go to resource > Keys and Endpoint

Environment Variables

# Required
AZURE_SPEECH_KEY=<your-speech-resource-key>
AZURE_SPEECH_REGION=<region>  # e.g., eastus, westus2, westeurope

# Alternative: Use endpoint directly
AZURE_SPEECH_ENDPOINT=https://<region>.stt.speech.microsoft.com

Installation

pip install requests

Quick Start

import os
import requests

def transcribe_audio(audio_file_path: str, language: str = "en-US") -> dict:
    """Transcribe short audio file (max 60 seconds) using REST API."""
    region = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_REGION"]
    api_key = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
    
    url = f"https://{region}.stt.speech.microsoft.com/speech/recognition/conversation/cognitiveservices/v1"
    
    headers = {
        "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": api_key,
        "Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000",
        "Accept": "application/json"
    }
    
    params = {
        "language": language,
        "format": "detailed"  # or "simple"
    }
    
    with open(audio_file_path, "rb") as audio_file:
        response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, params=params, data=audio_file, timeout=(10, 90))
    
    response.raise_for_status()
    return response.json()

# Usage
result = transcribe_audio("audio.wav", "en-US")
if result.get("RecognitionStatus") == "Success" and result.get("NBest"):
    print(result["NBest"][0].get("Display", ""))
else:
    print("No successful detailed recognition result")

Audio Requirements

| Format | Codec | Sample Rate | Notes |

|--------|-------|-------------|-------|

| WAV | PCM | 16 kHz, mono | Recommended |

| OGG | OPUS | 16 kHz, mono | Smaller file size |

Limitations:

• Maximum 60 seconds of audio
• For pronunciation assessment: maximum 30 seconds
• No partial/interim results (final only)

Content-Type Headers

# WAV PCM 16kHz
"Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000"

# OGG OPUS
"Content-Type": "audio/ogg; codecs=opus"

Response Formats

Simple Format (default)

params = {"language": "en-US", "format": "simple"}

{
  "RecognitionStatus": "Success",
  "DisplayText": "Remind me to buy 5 pencils.",
  "Offset": "1236645672289",
  "Duration": "1236645672289"
}

Detailed Format

params = {"language": "en-US", "format": "detailed"}

{
  "RecognitionStatus": "Success",
  "Offset": "1236645672289",
  "Duration": "1236645672289",
  "NBest": [
    {
      "Confidence": 0.9052885,
      "Display": "What's the weather like?",
      "ITN": "what's the weather like",
      "Lexical": "what's the weather like",
      "MaskedITN": "what's the weather like"
    }
  ]
}

Chunked Transfer (Recommended)

For lower latency, stream audio in chunks:

import os
import requests

def transcribe_chunked(audio_file_path: str, language: str = "en-US") -> dict:
    """Stream audio in chunks for lower latency."""
    region = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_REGION"]
    api_key = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
    
    url = f"https://{region}.stt.speech.microsoft.com/speech/recognition/conversation/cognitiveservices/v1"
    
    headers = {
        "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": api_key,
        "Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000",
        "Accept": "application/json",
        "Transfer-Encoding": "chunked",
        "Expect": "100-continue"
    }
    
    params = {"language": language, "format": "detailed"}
    
    def generate_chunks(file_path: str, chunk_size: int = 1024):
        with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
            while chunk := f.read(chunk_size):
                yield chunk
    
    response = requests.post(
        url, 
        headers=headers, 
        params=params, 
        data=generate_chunks(audio_file_path),
        timeout=(10, 90)
    )
    
    response.raise_for_status()
    return response.json()

Authentication Options

Option 1: Subscription Key (Simple)

headers = {
    "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
}

Option 2: Bearer Token

import requests
import os

def get_access_token() -> str:
    """Get access token from the token endpoint."""
    region = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_REGION"]
    api_key = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
    
    token_url = f"https://{region}.api.cognitive.microsoft.com/sts/v1.0/issueToken"
    
    response = requests.post(
        token_url,
        headers={
            "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": api_key,
            "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "Content-Length": "0"
        },
        timeout=(10, 30)
    )
    response.raise_for_status()
    return response.text

# Use token in requests (valid for 10 minutes)
token = get_access_token()
headers = {
    "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
    "Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000",
    "Accept": "application/json"
}

Query Parameters

| Parameter | Required | Values | Description |

|-----------|----------|--------|-------------|

| language | Yes | en-US, de-DE, etc. | Language of speech |

| format | No | simple, detailed | Result format (default: simple) |

| profanity | No | masked, removed, raw | Profanity handling (default: masked) |

Recognition Status Values

| Status | Description |

|--------|-------------|

| Success | Recognition succeeded |

| NoMatch | Speech detected but no words matched |

| InitialSilenceTimeout | Only silence detected |

| BabbleTimeout | Only noise detected |

| Error | Internal service error |

Profanity Handling

# Mask profanity with asterisks (default)
params = {"language": "en-US", "profanity": "masked"}

# Remove profanity entirely
params = {"language": "en-US", "profanity": "removed"}

# Include profanity as-is
params = {"language": "en-US", "profanity": "raw"}

Error Handling

import requests

def transcribe_with_error_handling(audio_path: str, language: str = "en-US") -> dict | None:
    """Transcribe with proper error handling."""
    region = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_REGION"]
    api_key = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
    
    url = f"https://{region}.stt.speech.microsoft.com/speech/recognition/conversation/cognitiveservices/v1"
    
    try:
        with open(audio_path, "rb") as audio_file:
            response = requests.post(
                url,
                headers={
                    "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": api_key,
                    "Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000",
                    "Accept": "application/json"
                },
                params={"language": language, "format": "detailed"},
                data=audio_file,
                timeout=(10, 90)
            )
        
        if response.status_code == 200:
            result = response.json()
            if result.get("RecognitionStatus") == "Success":
                return result
            else:
                print(f"Recognition failed: {result.get('RecognitionStatus')}")
                return None
        elif response.status_code == 400:
            print(f"Bad request: Check language code or audio format")
        elif response.status_code == 401:
            print(f"Unauthorized: Check API key or token")
        elif response.status_code == 403:
            print("Forbidden: Check resource permissions, endpoint and service policy")
        else:
            print(f"Error {response.status_code}; response body withheld")
        
        return None
        
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"Request failed: {e}")
        return None

Async Version

import os
import aiohttp
import asyncio

async def transcribe_async(audio_file_path: str, language: str = "en-US") -> dict:
    """Async version using aiohttp."""
    region = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_REGION"]
    api_key = os.environ["AZURE_SPEECH_KEY"]
    
    url = f"https://{region}.stt.speech.microsoft.com/speech/recognition/conversation/cognitiveservices/v1"
    
    headers = {
        "Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key": api_key,
        "Content-Type": "audio/wav; codecs=audio/pcm; samplerate=16000",
        "Accept": "application/json"
    }
    
    params = {"language": language, "format": 

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