pretext – skill Agent & Tự động hóa cho agent AI

Pretext Creative Demos

Overview

[@chenglou/pretext](https://github.com/chenglou/pretext) is a 15KB zero-dependency TypeScript library by Cheng Lou (React core, ReasonML, Midjourney) for DOM-free multiline text measurement and layout. It does one thing: given (text, font, width), return the line breaks, per-line widths, per-grapheme positions, and total height — all via canvas measurement, no reflow.

That sounds like plumbing. It is not. Because it is fast and geometric, it is a creative primitive: you can reflow paragraphs around a moving sprite at 60fps, build games whose level geometry is made of real words, drive ASCII logos through prose, shatter text into particles with exact per-grapheme starting positions, or pack shrink-wrapped multiline UI without any getBoundingClientRect thrash.

This skill exists so Hermes can make cool demos with it — the kind people post to X. See pretext.cool and chenglou.me/pretext for the community demo corpus.

When to Use

Use when the user asks for:

• A "pretext demo" / "cool pretext thing" / "text-as-X"
• Text flowing around a moving shape (hero sections, editorial layouts, animated long-form pages)
• ASCII-art effects using real words or prose, not monospace rasters
• Games where the playfield / obstacles / bricks are made of text (Tetris-from-letters, Breakout-of-prose)
• Kinetic typography with per-glyph physics (shatter, scatter, flock, flow)
• Typographic generative art, especially with non-Latin scripts or mixed scripts
• Multiline "shrink-wrap" UI (smallest container width that still fits the text)
• Anything that would require knowing line breaks *before* rendering

Don't use for:

• Static SVG/HTML pages where CSS already solves layout — just use CSS
• Rich text editors, general inline formatting engines (pretext is intentionally narrow)
• Image → text (use ascii-art / ascii-video skills)
• Pure canvas generative art with no text role — use p5js

Creative Standard

This is visual art rendered in a browser. Pretext returns numbers; you draw the thing.

• Don't ship a "hello world" demo. The hello-orb-flow.html template is the *starting* point. Every delivered demo must add intentional color, motion, composition, and one visual detail the user didn't ask for but will appreciate.
• Dark backgrounds, warm cores, considered palette. Classic amber-on-black (CRT / terminal) works, but so do cold-white-on-charcoal (editorial) and desaturated pastels (risograph). Pick one and commit.
• Proportional fonts are the point. Pretext's whole vibe is "not monospaced" — lean into it. Use Iowan Old Style, Inter, JetBrains Mono, Helvetica Neue, or a variable font. Never default sans.
• Real source/text, not lorem ipsum. The corpus should mean something. Short manifestos, poetry, real source code, a found text, the library's own README — never lorem ipsum.
• First-paint excellence. No loading states, no blank frames. The demo must look shippable the instant it opens.

Stack

Single self-contained HTML file per demo. No build step.

| Layer | Tool | Purpose |

|-------|------|---------|

| Core | @chenglou/pretext via esm.sh CDN | Text measurement + line layout |

| Render | HTML5 Canvas 2D | Glyph rendering, per-frame composition |

| Segmentation | Intl.Segmenter (built-in) | Grapheme splitting for emoji / CJK / combining marks |

| Interaction | Raw DOM events | Mouse / touch / wheel — no framework |

<script type="module">
import {
  prepare, layout,                   // use-case 1: simple height
  prepareWithSegments, layoutWithLines,  // use-case 2a: fixed-width lines
  layoutNextLineRange, materializeLineRange, // use-case 2b: streaming / variable width
  measureLineStats, walkLineRanges,  // stats without string allocation
} from "https://esm.sh/@chenglou/[email protected]";
</script>

Pin the version. @0.0.6 at time of writing — check [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@chenglou/pretext) for the latest if demo behavior is off.

The Two Use Cases

Almost everything reduces to one of these two shapes. Learn both.

Use-case 1 — measure, then render with CSS/DOM

const prepared = prepare(text, "16px Inter");
const { height, lineCount } = layout(prepared, 320, 20);

You still let the browser draw the text. Pretext just tells you how tall the box will be at a given width, without a DOM read. Use for:

• Virtualized lists where rows contain wrapping text
• Masonry with precise card heights
• "Does this label fit?" dev-time checks
• Preventing layout shift when remote text loads

Keep font and letterSpacing exactly in sync with your CSS. The canvas ctx.font format (e.g. "16px Inter", "500 17px 'JetBrains Mono'") must match the rendered CSS, or measurements drift.

Use-case 2 — measure *and* render yourself

const prepared = prepareWithSegments(text, FONT);
const { lines } = layoutWithLines(prepared, 320, 26);
for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
  ctx.fillText(lines[i].text, 0, i * 26);
}

This is where the creative work lives. You own the drawing, so you can:

• Render to canvas, SVG, WebGL, or any coordinate system
• Substitute per-glyph transforms (rotation, jitter, scale, opacity)
• Use line metadata (width, grapheme positions) as geometry

For variable-width-per-line flow (text around a shape, text in a donut band, text in a non-rectangular column):

let cursor = { segmentIndex: 0, graphemeIndex: 0 };
let y = 0;
while (true) {
  const lineWidth = widthAtY(y);  // your function: how wide is the corridor at this y?
  const range = layoutNextLineRange(prepared, cursor, lineWidth);
  if (!range) break;
  const line = materializeLineRange(prepared, range);
  ctx.fillText(line.text, leftEdgeAtY(y), y);
  cursor = range.end;
  y += lineHeight;
}

This is the most important pattern in the whole library. It's what unlocks "text flowing around a dragged sprite" — the demo that went viral on X.

Helpers worth knowing

• measureLineStats(prepared, maxWidth) → { lineCount, maxLineWidth } — the widest line, i.e. multiline shrink-wrap width.
• walkLineRanges(prepared, maxWidth, callback) — iterate lines without allocating strings. Use for stats/physics over graphemes when you don't need the characters.
• @chenglou/pretext/rich-inline — the same system but for paragraphs mixing fonts / chips / mentions. Import from the subpath.

Demo Recipe Patterns

The community corpus (see references/patterns.md) clusters into a handful of strong patterns. Pick one and riff — don't invent a new category unless asked.

| Pattern | Key API | Example idea |

|---|---|---|

| Reflow around obstacle | layoutNextLineRange + per-row width function | Editorial paragraph that parts around a dragged cursor sprite |

| Text-as-geometry game | layoutWithLines + per-line collision rects | Breakout where each brick is a measured word |

| Shatter / particles | walkLineRanges → per-grapheme (x,y) → physics | Sentence that explodes into letters on click |

| ASCII obstacle typography | layoutNextLineRange + measured per-row obstacle spans | Bitmap ASCII logo, shape morphs, and draggable wire objects that make text open around their actual geometry |

| Editorial multi-column | layoutNextLineRange per column + shared cursor | Animated magazine spread with pull quotes |

| Kinetic type | layoutWithLines + per-line transform over time | Star Wars crawl, wave, bounce, glitch |

| Multiline shrink-wrap | measureLineStats | Quote card that auto-sizes to its tightest container |

See templates/donut-orbit.html and templates/hello-orb-flow.html for working single-file starters.

Workflow

1. Pick a pattern from the table above based on the user's brief.

2. Start from a template:

• templates/hello-orb-flow.html — text reflowing around a moving orb (reflow-around-obstacle pattern)
• templates/donut-orbit.html — advanced example: measured ASCII logo obstacles, draggable wire sphere/cube, morphing shape fields, selectable DOM text, and dev-only controls
• write_file to a new .html in ~/.hermes/cache/scratch/ or the user's workspace.

3. Swap the corpus for something intentional to the brief. Real prose, 10-100 sentences, no lorem.

4. Tune the aesthetic — font, palette, composition, interaction. This is the work; don't skip it.

5. Verify locally:

   cd <dir-with-html> && python -m http.server 8765
   # then open http://localhost:8765/<file>.html
   

6. Check the console — pretext will throw if prepareWithSegments is called with a bad font string; Intl.Segmenter is available in every modern browser.

7. Show the user the file path, not just the code — they want to open it.

Performance Notes

• prepare() / prepareWithSegments() is the expensive call. Do it once per text+font pair. Cache the handle.
• On resize, only rerun layout() / layoutWithLines() — never re-prepare.
• For

… (nội dung đầy đủ có trong gói tải về)