pentest-checklist – skill Bảo mật cho agent AI

> ⚠️ AUTHORIZED USE ONLY

> This skill is for educational purposes or authorized security assessments only.

> You must have explicit, written permission from the system owner before using this tool.

> Misuse of this tool is illegal and strictly prohibited.

> Mandatory confirmation gate

> Before running any command that probes, exploits, changes, persists on, extracts data from, or attempts credential access against a target:

> 1. Ask the user to state the exact target URL, IP, account, or resource.

> 2. Ask the user to confirm written authorization and the permitted scope.

> 3. Show the exact command(s) and explain their expected effect.

> 4. Wait for explicit confirmation in the current conversation.

>

> Without that confirmation, remain read-only and provide defensive guidance only. Prefer a sandbox, disposable VM, or controlled lab.

> AUTHORIZED USE ONLY: Use this skill only for authorized security assessments, defensive validation, or controlled educational environments.

Pentest Checklist

Purpose

Provide a comprehensive checklist for planning, executing, and following up on penetration tests. Ensure thorough preparation, proper scoping, and effective remediation of discovered vulnerabilities.

Inputs/Prerequisites

• Clear business objectives for testing
• Target environment information
• Budget and timeline constraints
• Stakeholder contacts and authorization
• Legal agreements and scope documents

Outputs/Deliverables

• Defined pentest scope and objectives
• Prepared testing environment
• Security monitoring data
• Vulnerability findings report
• Remediation plan and verification

Core Workflow

Phase 1: Scope Definition

Define Objectives

• [ ] Clarify testing purpose - Determine goals (find vulnerabilities, compliance, customer assurance)
• [ ] Validate pentest necessity - Ensure penetration test is the right solution
• [ ] Align outcomes with objectives - Define success criteria

Reference Questions:

• Why are you doing this pentest?
• What specific outcomes do you expect?
• What will you do with the findings?

Know Your Test Types

| Type | Purpose | Scope |

|------|---------|-------|

| External Pentest | Assess external attack surface | Public-facing systems |

| Internal Pentest | Assess insider threat risk | Internal network |

| Web Application | Find application vulnerabilities | Specific applications |

| Social Engineering | Test human security | Employees, processes |

| Red Team | Full adversary simulation | Entire organization |

Enumerate Likely Threats

• [ ] Identify high-risk areas - Where could damage occur?
• [ ] Assess data sensitivity - What data could be compromised?
• [ ] Review legacy systems - Old systems often have vulnerabilities
• [ ] Map critical assets - Prioritize testing targets

Define Scope

• [ ] List in-scope systems - IPs, domains, applications
• [ ] Define out-of-scope items - Systems to avoid
• [ ] Set testing boundaries - What techniques are allowed?
• [ ] Document exclusions - Third-party systems, production data

Budget Planning

| Factor | Consideration |

|--------|---------------|

| Asset Value | Higher value = higher investment |

| Complexity | More systems = more time |

| Depth Required | Thorough testing costs more |

| Reputation Value | Brand-name firms cost more |

Budget Reality Check:

• Cheap pentests often produce poor results
• Align budget with asset criticality
• Consider ongoing vs. one-time testing

Phase 2: Environment Preparation

Prepare Test Environment

• [ ] Production vs. staging decision - Determine where to test
• [ ] Set testing limits - No DoS on production
• [ ] Schedule testing window - Minimize business impact
• [ ] Create test accounts - Provide appropriate access levels

Environment Options:

Production  - Realistic but risky
Staging     - Safer but may differ from production
Clone       - Ideal but resource-intensive

Run Preliminary Scans

Scanner scripts may perform intrusive checks; inspect selected plugins and bind rate/time/targets to the written rules of engagement. Have verified backups and emergency stop/contacts before the first active scan, rather than waiting until remediation. Packet captures contain sensitive data: use restricted storage, bounded duration/size and agreed retention. Provider notification/approval depends on current service policy; verify it rather than assuming all providers require a request.

• [ ] Execute vulnerability scanners - Find known issues first
• [ ] Fix obvious vulnerabilities - Don't waste pentest time
• [ ] Document existing issues - Share with testers

Common Pre-Scan Tools:

# Network vulnerability scan
nmap -sV --script vuln TARGET

# Web vulnerability scan
nikto -h http://TARGET

Review Security Policy

• [ ] Verify compliance requirements - GDPR, PCI-DSS, HIPAA
• [ ] Document data handling rules - Sensitive data procedures
• [ ] Confirm legal authorization - Get written permission

Notify Hosting Provider

• [ ] Check provider policies - What testing is allowed?
• [ ] Submit authorization requests - AWS, Azure, GCP requirements
• [ ] Document approvals - Keep records

Cloud Provider Policies:

• AWS: https://aws.amazon.com/security/penetration-testing/
• Azure: https://docs.microsoft.com/security/pentest
• GCP: https://cloud.google.com/security/overview

Freeze Developments

• [ ] Stop deployments during testing - Maintain consistent environment
• [ ] Document current versions - Record system states
• [ ] Avoid critical patches - Unless security emergency

Phase 3: Expertise Selection

Find Qualified Pentesters

• [ ] Seek recommendations - Ask trusted sources
• [ ] Verify credentials - OSCP, GPEN, CEH, CREST
• [ ] Check references - Talk to previous clients
• [ ] Match expertise to scope - Web, network, mobile specialists

Evaluation Criteria:

| Factor | Questions to Ask |

|--------|------------------|

| Experience | Years in field, similar projects |

| Methodology | OWASP, PTES, custom approach |

| Reporting | Sample reports, detail level |

| Communication | Availability, update frequency |

Define Methodology

• [ ] Select testing standard - PTES, OWASP, NIST
• [ ] Determine access level - Black box, gray box, white box
• [ ] Agree on techniques - Manual vs. automated testing
• [ ] Set communication schedule - Updates and escalation

Testing Approaches:

| Type | Access Level | Simulates |

|------|-------------|-----------|

| Black Box | No information | External attacker |

| Gray Box | Partial access | Insider with limited access |

| White Box | Full access | Insider/detailed audit |

Define Report Format

• [ ] Review sample reports - Ensure quality meets needs
• [ ] Specify required sections - Executive summary, technical details
• [ ] Request machine-readable output - CSV, XML for tracking
• [ ] Agree on risk ratings - CVSS, custom scale

Report Should Include:

• Executive summary for management
• Technical findings with evidence
• Risk ratings and prioritization
• Remediation recommendations
• Retesting guidance

Phase 4: Monitoring

Implement Security Monitoring

• [ ] Deploy IDS/IPS - Intrusion detection systems
• [ ] Enable logging - Comprehensive audit trails
• [ ] Configure SIEM - Centralized log analysis
• [ ] Set up alerting - Real-time notifications

Monitoring Tools:

# Check security logs
tail -f /var/log/auth.log
tail -f /var/log/apache2/access.log

# Monitor network
tcpdump -i eth0 -w capture.pcap

Configure Logging

• [ ] Centralize logs - Aggregate from all systems
• [ ] Set retention periods - Keep logs for analysis
• [ ] Enable detailed logging - Application and system level
• [ ] Test log collection - Verify all sources working

Key Logs to Monitor:

• Authentication events
• Application errors
• Network connections
• File access
• System changes

Monitor Exception Tools

• [ ] Track error rates - Unusual spikes indicate testing
• [ ] Brief operations team - Distinguish testing from attacks
• [ ] Document baseline - Normal vs. pentest activity

Watch Security Tools

• [ ] Review IDS alerts - Separate pentest from real attacks
• [ ] Monitor WAF logs - Track blocked attempts
• [ ] Check endpoint protection - Antivirus detections

Phase 5: Remediation

Ensure Backups

• [ ] Verify backup integrity - Test restoration
• [ ] Document recovery procedures - Know how to restore
• [ ] Separate backup access - Protect from testing

Reserve Remediation Time

• [ ] Allocate team availability - Post-pentest analysis
• [ ] Schedule fix implementation - Address findings
• [ ] Plan verification testing - Confirm fixes work

Patch During Testing Policy

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